The use of mathematical modeling techniques in biomedical research is playing an increasingly important role in the understanding of the pathophysiology of disease processes. This includes not only understanding mechanisms of physiological processes, but also diagnosis and treatment. In addition, its introduction in the study of genomics and proteomics is key in understanding the functional characteristics of gene expression and protein assembly and secretion.

This book is a concise introduction to the interventional radiology field and is designed to help medical students and residents understand the fundamental concepts related to image-guided interventional procedures and determine the appropriate use of imaging modalities in the treatment of various disorders. It covers the history of interventional radiology; radiation safety; equipment; medications; and techniques such as biopsy and drainage, vascular access, embolization, and tumor ablation. The book also describes the indications, patient preparation, post-procedure care, and complications for the most common interventional radiology procedures.

This textbook covers the fundamentals of statistical inference and statistical theory including Bayesian and frequentist approaches and methodology possible without excessive emphasis on the underlying mathematics. This book is about some of the basic principles of statistics that are necessary to understand and evaluate methods for analyzing complex data sets. The likelihood function is used for pure likelihood inference throughout the book. There is also coverage of severity and finite population sampling. The material was developed from an introductory statistical theory course taught by the author at the Johns Hopkins University’s Department of Biostatistics. Students and instructors in public health programs will benefit from the likelihood modeling approach that is used throughout the text. This will also appeal to epidemiologists and psychometricians. After a brief introduction, there are chapters on estimation, hypothesis testing, and maximum likelihood modeling. The book concludes with sections on Bayesian computation and inference. An appendix contains unique coverage of the interpretation of probability, and coverage of probability and mathematical concepts.

This comprehensive textbook, published in collaboration with ESSKA, now in a revised and updated second edition, covers all major shoulder problems and related arthroscopic treatments. Introductory sections on basic science and the principles of shoulder arthroscopy provide essential information with the aim of enhancing understanding of a wide range of key issues. Shoulder conditions and their treatments are then described according to a learning pathway that will allow readers to improve their knowledge and skills in shoulder arthroscopy, from simple, standardized techniques to more complex and advanced procedures.

Survival data or more general time-to-event data occur in many areas, including medicine, biology, engineering, economics, and demography, but previously standard methods have requested that all time variables are univariate and independent. This book extends the field by allowing for multivariate times. Applications where such data appear are survival of twins, survival of married couples and families, time to failure of right and left kidney for diabetic patients, life history data with time to outbreak of disease, complications and death, recurrent episodes of diseases and cross-over studies with time responses. As the field is rather new, the concepts and the possible types of data are described in detail and basic aspects of how dependence can appear in such data is discussed. Four different approaches to the analysis of such data are presented. The multi-state models where a life history is described as the subject moving from state to state is the most classical approach. The Markov models make up an important special case, but it is also described how easily more general models are set up and analyzed. Frailty models, which are random effects models for survival data, made a second approach, extending from the most simple shared frailty models, which are considered in detail, to models with more complicated dependence structures over individuals or over time. Marginal modelling has become a popular approach to evaluate the effect of explanatory factors in the presence of dependence, but without having specified a statistical model for the dependence. Finally, the completely non-parametric approach to bivariate censored survival data is described. This book is aimed at investigators who need to analyze multivariate survival data, but due to its focus on the concepts and the modelling aspects, it is also useful for persons interested in such data, but

This book is about how young physicians experience training as medical specialists. Much attention is now being drawn to the stresses of post­ graduate medical education, their potential negative impact on the qual­ ity of patient care, and the manner in which these stresses influence the professional and personal development of the physicians involved. The entire focus of this book is on the firsthand experience of 52 such physicians enrolled in 16 different medical specialty training programs. Because the evaluation of stress is largely a subjective one, I have elected through the perception and the cognitive pro­ to approach the question cesses of the trainees themselves. THE DOCTORS The "subjects" of this work are 52 young physicians who volun­ teered to be interviewed confidentially and anonymously during the 1986-1987 academic year. They represent the specialties of anesthesiol­ ogy, clinical pathology, dermatology, emergency medicine, family prac­ tice, general surgery, internal medicine, neurology, neurosurgery, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthalmology, orthopedic surgery, oto­ laryngology, pediatrics, psychiatry, and radiology.

Das Labor ist Ausgangspunkt für die medizinische, pharmazeutische, chemische und biowissenschaftliche Forschung. Gutes Englisch ist heute die Voraussetzung für eine Karriere in Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft und wichtig für effizientes Kommunizieren und erfolgreiches Arbeiten im Labor. Die entsprechenden Bezeichnungen von Laborausstattung, Geräten, Methoden und Technologie sollten genauso beherrscht werden wie die von Chemikalien und der sicherheitsrelevanten Terminologie.

The topic of heart failure although extensively researched and reported, has several gray areas. This is especially seen in determining strategies for combating advanced heart failure. The global burden of ischemic heart disease is increasing at an alarming rate to almost pandemic proportions. Even in the presence of state-of the art technology for prompt and successful coronary reperfusion, the population progressing to ischemic cardiomyopathy is substantial. The treatment strategies for ischemic cardiomyopathy do not always ensure optimal clinical results, the reasons for which are varied. The proper patient selection is vital as is the tailoring of suitable therapy. The approach is thus multi-pronged, of which surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) has a definite role. Despite various randomized studies like the STICH-hypothesis 2, where there was a huge selection bias, with patients subjected to an erroneous technique of SVR, with inadequate ventricular remodelling assessment.

This book equips the intraoperative monitoring provider (both technologist and physician) with details of commonly monitored surgical procedures of the spine. This knowledge better allows the monitorist to identify critical phases of the surgery and correlate those with neuroanatomical and functional risk at each phase.

This book equips the intraoperative monitoring provider (both technologist and physician) with details of commonly monitored surgical procedures of the spine. This knowledge better allows the monitorist to identify critical phases of the surgery and correlate those with neuroanatomical and functional risk at each phase.